![]() ![]() ![]() Novelty: Vosoughi, Roy, and Aral (2018) found that false news is often more novel than true news, and inspires strong emotions such as fear, disgust, and surprise.This may be because we recognize the information as familiar, but don’t necessarily remember where or in what context we encountered it before. Repeated exposure: A study by Pennycook, Cannon, and Rand (2018) shows that individuals are more likely to deem a false statement true the more times they are exposed to it.This finding suggests that people fall for fake news online because they are encountering it as they scroll quickly through their newsfeeds. A study by Bago, Rand, and Pennycook (2020) found that individuals were less likely to believe fake news when they were given the time and mental space to deliberate over the accuracy of different news headlines. Lack of deliberation: Individuals do not take the time and energy to deliberate over the accuracy of the news they are exposed to.Why do people fall for fake news? Some factors may include: This continues as other news outlets report the misinformation and perpetuate the cycle. 98-99)įalse news can spread through circular reporting, where one source publishes misinformation that is picked up by another news outlet, who cites the original source as evidence that the information is accurate. The novel challenge brought by bots is the fact they can give the false impression that some piece of information, regardless of its accuracy, is highly popular and endorsed by many, exerting an influence against which we haven’t yet developed antibodies. Ferrara et al.’s (2016) look at social bots describes a bot as “a computer algorithm that automatically produces content and interacts with humans on social media, trying to emulate and possibly alter their behavior.” Online fake news can also be spread through bots. See below for more on why we fall for fake news. Regular users of social media are to blame for a lot of this spread, as they like, share, and otherwise engage with posts containing misinformation. In fact, research shows that false news often spreads faster than real news online. "Which face is real?" developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington as part of the Calling Bullshit project.Advancing technology and growth in social media use contribute to the spread of fake news.Test yourself and learn to spot deepfake photos: ![]() We are not prepared." from Forbes Magazine "Deepfakes are going to reak havoc on society."What are deepfakes and how can you spot them?" from the Guardian."What are deepfakes and how are they created?" from IEEE Spectrum Magazine. ![]() Suggested readings to understand deepfake technology: What are deepfakes? Quoting from Merriam-Webster, "The term deepfake is typically used to refer to a video that has been edited using an algorithm to replace the person in the original video with someone else (especially a public figure) in a way that makes the video look authentic." They have the potential to rapidly spread false words and actions to a global audience, and can be extremely difficult to distinguish from real content. Deepfakes are a new and particularly challenging type of audio, video, or image disinformation, generally used in malicious ways. ![]()
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